HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
HTTP is the foundational protocol used for transferring hypertext documents, such as web pages, between a client (e.g., a browser) and a server. It facilitates communication over the World Wide Web.
Also known as: Web protocol, HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, HTTP/3.
Comparisons
- HTTP vs. HTTPS: HTTPS adds encryption through SSL/TLS to secure data transfer.
- HTTP vs. FTP: HTTP is optimized for web content, while FTP specializes in file transfers.
Pros
- Universal: Supported by all major web browsers and servers.
- Stateless: Simplifies design by treating each request as independent.
Cons
- Lack of built-in encryption: Plain HTTP can expose data.
- Statelessness: Requires additional mechanisms for maintaining session continuity.
Example
When a user types a website URL into their browser, the browser sends an HTTP request to the server, which responds with the requested web page.