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Data Wrangling

Data wrangling is the process of cleaning, structuring, and enriching raw data into a format suitable for analysis. It involves tasks like removing inconsistencies, handling missing values, standardizing formats, and combining datasets to prepare them for data-driven decision-making or modeling. It is a critical step in data science, analytics, and machine learning workflows.

Also known as: Data munging, data preparation.

Comparisons

  • Data Wrangling vs. Data Cleaning: Data wrangling is broader, encompassing cleaning and restructuring, while data cleaning focuses on error correction and quality improvement.
  • Data Wrangling vs. ETL: ETL is a systematic pipeline for moving and transforming data, whereas wrangling is often more exploratory and manual.

Pros

  • Prepares data for analysis: Ensures datasets are ready for insights or modeling.
  • Enhances data usability: Makes raw data meaningful and actionable.
  • Customizable workflows: Adapts to the unique needs of specific datasets and goals.

Cons

  • Time-intensive: Can require significant manual effort for complex datasets.
  • Prone to human error: Manual processes increase the risk of mistakes.

Example

A data analyst prepares a sales dataset for visualization:

  • Original Dataset: Contains missing values, duplicate entries, and inconsistent date formats.
  • Wrangling Process:
  1. Fill missing sales amounts with averages or placeholders.
  2. Remove duplicate records.
  3. Standardize dates to a consistent format (e.g., YYYY-MM-DD).
  4. Merge sales data with marketing spend data for enriched analysis.
  • Result: A clean and well-structured dataset ready for visualization in a dashboard tool, enabling insights into sales trends and marketing ROI.

Data wrangling bridges the gap between raw data and actionable insights, making it indispensable for analytics and decision-making.

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